Case Study: Peptic Ulcer Disease (H. pylori–Positive)

Comprehensive evaluation and management of a middle‑aged patient with Helicobacter pylori–associated gastric ulcer, reflecting Aleta’s commitment to clinical accuracy and clear patient communication.

Patient Profile

Patient: Mr. Arvind Mehta, 45-year-old male, Software Engineer
Chief Complaint: Epigastric pain and bloating for 2 months, worse on an empty stomach

History & Examination

  • Medical history: Occasional NSAID use for back pain
  • Lifestyle: High stress, irregular meals, frequent coffee intake
  • Physical exam: Mild epigastric tenderness

Investigations

  • Urea breath test: Positive for H. pylori
  • Upper GI endoscopy: Gastric ulcer in the antrum; no active bleeding
  • CBC: Mild anemia (Hb 11.2 g/dL)
  • Stool occult blood: Negative

Diagnosis

Peptic Ulcer Disease secondary to Helicobacter pylori infection. NSAID exposure considered a contributing factor.

Management Plan

Pharmacological (14 days)

  • Omeprazole 20 mg twice daily (PPI)
  • Amoxicillin 1 g twice daily
  • Clarithromycin 500 mg twice daily
  • Iron supplementation for anemia
  • Avoid: NSAIDs and aspirin

Lifestyle Modifications

  • Dietary guidance: Limit spicy, acidic, and caffeinated foods
  • Structured meals; reduce stress (mindfulness/yoga)
  • Smoking and alcohol cessation if applicable

Follow‑Up Plan

  • 4 weeks: Assess symptom resolution
  • 6 weeks: Repeat urea breath test to confirm eradication
  • 3 months: Consider repeat endoscopy if symptoms persist

Outcome Goals

  • Ulcer healing and pain resolution
  • Confirmed eradication of H. pylori
  • Prevention of recurrence

Long‑Term Considerations

  • Education on NSAID risks and alternatives
  • PPI prophylaxis if NSAIDs are required in the future
  • Monitor for complications: bleeding, perforation, gastric cancer risk

References

  • Chey WD, Leontiadis GI, Howden CW, Moss SF. ACG Clinical Guideline: Treatment of Helicobacter pylori Infection. Am J Gastroenterol. 2017;112(2):212–239.
  • Primary Care Case Studies 101. Sampath Wijesinghe. Springer Publishing.